Roman Ruins of Casais Velhos

The Roman Ruins of Casais Velhos are remains of a 2nd-century Roman villa in Cascais, Lisbon District, situated on a hillside overlooking the Cresmina Dune. The site includes an upper-class domus with vestibule, a bath complex with frigidarium, calidarium, and praefurnium, and an aqueduct supplying water to the tanks. Murex shells found in stone tanks suggest the villa was involved in producing Tyrian purple dye, which was transported to Olisipo (Lisbon) and onward to Rome. Coins found at the site date between 205 and 450 AD.