Corfinium

Corfinium was the principal city of the Paeligni tribe, located in the Aternus (Pescara) valley in Abruzzo, central Italy. In 90 BC, the Italic confederates chose it as their capital during the Social War against Rome, symbolically renaming it Italia and establishing a senate of 500 members with parallel Roman-style magistrates. The city's mint produced silver denarii bearing the Latin 'Italia' and Oscan 'viteliu', among the earliest numismatic uses of the peninsula's name. After Rome's victory, Corfinium received full citizenship and became a municipium. Excavations at Piano San Giacomo (1989-1994) uncovered a 1st-century AD domus with mosaic floors and a 3rd-century thermal complex.