Luguvalium

Luguvalium was a Roman fort and town at modern Carlisle, established in AD 72-73 by a detachment of Legio IX Hispana during campaigns against the Brigantian leader Venutius. Covering about 8 acres, it guarded the strategic crossing over the River Eden. After the cavalry fort at Stanwix was built on Hadrian's Wall, Luguvalium grew into the largest town north of York, spanning at least 28 hectares. It may have served as capital of the province of Valentia. Civilian occupation continued into the 5th century, well beyond the Roman withdrawal.