Camboglanna

Camboglanna (modern Castlesteads) was a Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall. It was the twelfth fort from the east, situated between Banna (Birdoswald) 11 km to the east and Uxelodunum (Stanwix) to the west[1]. The fort occupied a high bluff commanding the Cambeck Valley, guarding a key approach to the Wall and monitoring the east bank against raiders from the Bewcastle area[1]. The site was drastically levelled in 1791 when the gardens of Castlesteads House were constructed over it[1]. The name Camboglanna derives from Brythonic elements: cambo- meaning "curved, bent" and glanna meaning "steep bank" or "river side," interpreted as "Crook Bank" or "Bent Valley" referencing its position overlooking a bend in the river Irthing[1].