Pyramid of Unas

The Pyramid of Unas is a smooth-sided pyramid built in the 24th century BC for Pharaoh Unas, the ninth and final king of Egypt's Fifth Dynasty[1]. Located in North Saqqara between the complexes of Sekhemket and Djoser, it is the smallest Old Kingdom pyramid[1]. Despite its modest size, it holds immense historical significance as the first pyramid to contain Pyramid Texts—spells for the king's afterlife incised into the walls of its subterranean chambers[1]. This innovation initiated a tradition that continued in subsequent royal pyramids through the end of the Old Kingdom and evolved into the Coffin Texts of the Middle Kingdom, which later formed the basis of the Book of the Dead[1].