Carnuntum

Carnuntum (from Ancient Greek Καρνοῦς (Carnous) according to Ptolemy) was a Roman legionary fortress and headquarters of the Pannonian fleet from 50 AD [1]. Carnuntum first occurs in history during the reign of Augustus (6 AD), when Tiberius made it his base of operations as a Roman fort in the campaigns against Maroboduus [1]. In 117–118 AD, Carnuntum became the permanent quarters of Legio XIV Gemina where it stayed for three centuries until the frontier collapsed in 430 [1]. In Roman times, Carnuntum had a history as a major trading centre for amber, brought from the north to traders who sold it in Italy; the main arm of the Amber Road crossed the Danube at Carnuntum [1]. As Aelium Carnuntum, the capital of Pannonia Superior, it was made a municipium by Hadrian [1]. In the Severan dynasty (193–235), Carnuntum experienced an economic boom, the canabae reaching their maximum size [1]. In 308, during the Civil wars of the Tetrarchy, the Emperor emeritus Diocletian chaired a historic meeting there, the Conference of Carnuntum, with his co-emperors Maximian and Galerius [1].