Carranque

Carranque Archaeological Park in Toledo province, Spain, preserves a lavish 4th-century Roman villa complex rediscovered in 1983 when a farmer's plough struck a mosaic. The site comprises the Villa of Maternus with elaborate floor mosaics depicting scenes including the death of Adonis and the god Oceanus, a basilica originally featuring 32 monolithic marble columns, and a mausoleum. The villa included luxury amenities such as hypocaust under-floor heating and running water, with mosaics assembled by at least three workshops, two of which signed their work. The complex is attributed to Maternus Cynegius, an Iberian-born adviser to Emperor Theodosius, and later saw Visigothic, Islamic, and Knights Templar occupation.