Kuélap

Kuelap is a walled fortress-city built by the Chachapoyas ("Warriors of the Clouds") in northern Peru's Amazonas region, perched at 3,000 meters above sea level overlooking the Utcubamba Valley. The majority was constructed between 900 and 1100 CE, though some structures date to the 6th century. The complex measures about 600 meters long and 120 meters wide, enclosed by massive stone walls reaching up to 20 meters high. Over 400 circular stone buildings housed approximately 3,000-5,000 inhabitants engaged in religion, craft production, and defense.