Tumamoc Hill

Tumamoc Hill is a prominent butte west of downtown Tucson, Arizona, considered the longest continuously inhabited site in the United States, with evidence of maize cultivation dating back 4,100 years. The site features the earliest known trincheras village in Arizona, with 160 foundations of round stone structures and volcanic stone walls stretching a cumulative 2.3 km around the hilltop, representing the earliest known public architecture in the state. During the Tortolita phase (400-550 AD), a substantial village occupied the summit surrounded by massive stone walls. Though unoccupied during the Hohokam florescence (700-1450 AD), extensive farming was undertaken at the hill's base.