Chacamarca Historic Sanctuary

Chacamarca Historic Sanctuary is a 2,500-hectare protected area in Junin Province, Peru, established on 7 August 1974 at approximately 4,105 metres above sea level. It preserves the site of the Battle of Junin (6 August 1824), a pivotal cavalry engagement in Peru's War of Independence where patriot forces under Simon Bolivar routed Spanish royalist troops. The sanctuary also protects archaeological remains of the Pumpush culture, an ancient highland civilization of the Bombon Plateau that developed stone structures for livestock management. Inca-era segments of the Qhapaq Nan road network and storage structures called colcas have been documented at the site. The area conserves Andean ecosystems including bofedales wetlands supporting species such as the vicuna and the endemic giant frog of Chinchaycocha.