Pen y Gaer

Pen y Gaer is a Bronze Age and Iron Age hillfort near Llanbedr-y-Cennin in the Conwy valley, Wales. Its defences vary with terrain: one steep side has a single rampart while the more accessible sides have three. The inner rampart features a stone rubble bank with stone wall facing, and scattered large stones form a chevaux-de-frise to impede attackers. About a dozen roundhouses with wooden walls survive as circular platforms terraced into the hillslope. Excavations in 1906 found evidence of iron-working, sling stones, and spindle whorls, but the absence of Roman pottery suggests abandonment before the 1st century AD conquest.