Alphen aan den Rijn

Alphen aan den Rijn is a city in South Holland, Netherlands, on the Oude Rijn river where the Gouwe branches off [1]. The settlement lies along the Roman Rhine limes, the empire's northern frontier, and was known as Albaniana in Roman times [2]. Roman army units were stationed here from the reign of Emperor Claudius (41-54 AD), and a fort controlled the confluence of the Rhine and the river Aar [2]. Archaeological remains include portions of fort walls and Roman inscriptions [2]. Today it has a population of 112,587 (2021) [1].