Han Underground City

A lesser-known underground city in the town of Han, Eskisehir Province, central Anatolia, Turkey. The complex covers approximately 1.5 square kilometers and dates primarily to the 1st-6th centuries AD, showing both Roman and Byzantine influences. The main entrance features a rectangular gate carved into rock (1.80 m high, 1.00 m wide) leading to an oval gallery 7.30 m long and 6.50 m wide. The burial chamber contains rare surviving examples of rosette, bowtie, and diamond-style rock carvings on its walls. Tool marks on interior surfaces indicate manual excavation using chisels, and the tunnel network suggests the city was built for defense or military purposes.