Mahkeme Ağacin Kültürel Jeositi

Mahkeme Agacin is an underground cultural geosite near Kizilcahamam, 18 km from the district center north of Ankara, Turkey. Carved into volcanic tuff, the multi-storey complex includes caves, rock-cut churches with carved crosses, dwellings, storage rooms, and a wine cellar. The settlement is believed to have been established by early Christians fleeing Roman persecution, with evidence of Phrygian, Galatian, and Byzantine-era occupation. Within a 3 km radius of the village, numerous additional cultural geosites including caves and ruins have been documented.