Saldae (Béjaïa)

Saldae was a Roman veteran colony founded by Augustus in 27-26 BC in Mauretania Caesariensis, at modern Bejaia in eastern Algeria. The town occupied two mountain spurs separated by a ravine, with visible rampart fragments at multiple locations. Notable remains include a temple beneath a later church, public baths with mosaics depicting Oceanus and Nereids, and the 21 km Toudja aqueduct featuring a 428 m tunnel requiring military engineering intervention. The city later became a Vandal stronghold and then a fortified Hammadid capital in 1067.