Sillyon

Sillyon is an ancient city of Pamphylia in southern Turkey, perched on a 210-metre hill above the alluvial plain of the Aksu River (ancient Kestros). Legendarily founded after the Trojan War, it appears in 5th-century BC Delian League records and notably repelled Alexander the Great's army in 333 BC thanks to its imposing fortifications and mercenary garrison. Ruins from Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods survive, including a theater (partially destroyed by a 1969 landslide), gymnasium, stadium, temple with pillars, fortification walls, and two 13th-century Seljuk mosques. The city became Pamphylia's main settlement in the 8th-9th centuries, producing two ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople.