Bellbeaker DNA reveals origins of Stonehenge replacement migrants. DNA analysis of 112 ancient individuals from Netherlands, Belgium, Western Germany (8500-1700 BC) Bellbeaker population formed from mixing local hunter-gatherer descendants with steppe-related migrants around 2500 BC Formed in lower Rhine-Meuse region, not from Iberia as previously thought

Bellbeaker people formed in the lower Rhine-Meuse region around 2500 BC — not Iberia as thought. When they reached Britain around 2400 BC, they replaced 90-100% of local Neolithic ancestry within 200 years. This sweeping replacement may have been aided by disease, per study published in Nature 🧬

Key Facts

  • DNA analysis of 112 ancient individuals from Netherlands, Belgium, Western Germany (8500-1700 BC)
  • Bellbeaker population formed from mixing local hunter-gatherer descendants with steppe-related migrants around 2500 BC
  • Formed in lower Rhine-Meuse region, not from Iberia as previously thought
  • When Bellbeaker people arrived in Britain around 2400 BC, they replaced 90-100% of local Neolithic ancestry
  • Migration happened within approximately 200 years
  • Replacement may have been triggered by disease/plague to which continental Europeans had immunity but Britons did not
  • Published in journal Nature