Aurignacian produced Europe's earliest figurative art. By 38,000-35,000 years ago, Aurignacian culture created unprecedented symbolic artifacts Venus of Vogelherd Cave: 6cm mammoth ivory figurine of a female figure, earliest undisputed human depiction Lion-man figurine from Germany represents earliest human-animal hybrid creature

Between 38‑35 kyr ago the Aurignacian culture produced unprecedented symbolic artifacts, including the Venus of Hohle Fels, the Lion‑Man figurine, a vulture‑bone flute, and the Chauvet Cave paintings – the earliest undisputed human figurative art and evidence of long‑distance material exchange across Europe.

Key Facts

  • By 38,000-35,000 years ago, Aurignacian culture created unprecedented symbolic artifacts
  • Venus of Vogelherd Cave: 6cm mammoth ivory figurine of a female figure, earliest undisputed human depiction
  • Lion-man figurine from Germany represents earliest human-animal hybrid creature
  • Nearly complete flute carved from vulture wing bone found at Vogelherd Cave cave
  • Chauvet Cave paintings in southern France dated to 36,000-32,000 years ago
  • Cave paintings depict 13 animal species with advanced shading and volume techniques
  • Shell beads and pendants found across Europe; Czech Republic site had 22 perforated animal teeth
  • Long-distance trade networks existed, with materials moving up to 200km

Related site: Hohle Fels — view location, images, and history on the Ancient Nerds map.