40,000-year-old Europeans carried haplogroups M, N, R, U8. DNA from 40,000-year-old Homo sapiens in Europe shows maternal haplogroups M, N, R, and U8 Haplogroup M is nearly absent in modern Europe but widespread in East, South, Southeast Asia and Oceania This suggests early Europeans shared close ancestry with populations that gave rise to Asians and Australo-Melanesians

Ancient DNA from upper Paleolithic Europeans reveals maternal haplogroups including N, R, and U8 — showing early Homo sapiens in Europe were genetically diverse with ties to Asian lineages. Some haplogroups later vanished from Europe while persisting elsewhere, hinting at later population replacements. Specifically, haplogroup M is nearly absent in modern Europe but widespread in East, South, Southeast Asia and Oceania; haplogroups N and R are basal branches of the non-African mitochondrial DNA tree; and U8 appears in upper Paleolithic European remains and is ancestral to haplogroups U5 and U4 — along with sharing a common origin with U5.

Key Facts

  • DNA from 40,000-year-old Homo sapiens in Europe shows maternal haplogroups M, N, R, and U8
  • Haplogroup M is nearly absent in modern Europe but widespread in East, South, Southeast Asia and Oceania
  • This suggests early Europeans shared close ancestry with populations that gave rise to Asians and Australo-Melanesians
  • Haplogroups N and R are basal branches of the non-African mitochondrial DNA tree
  • U8 appears in upper paleolithic European remains and is ancestral to haplogroups UF and U4
  • These maternal lineages show the earliest waves of Homo sapiens into Europe were genetically diverse
  • Haplogroup M vanished from Europe while persisting in Asia, indicating population replacement