At Mawangdui in Changsha, the 2nd-century BC tomb excavated in 1972 is one of archaeology’s most important finds. It held Xin Zhui, also known as Lady Dai, a Western Han noblewoman and wife of Li Cang, the Marquis of Changsha, who served as chancellor. Her body retained skin, hair, muscle tissue, fingerprints, type A blood in her veins and moist skin. Four nested coffins enclosed her, the outer lacquered black and red with dragon motifs. 🏺
Changsha’s 2,000-year-old Xin Zhui (Lady Dai) is among the world’s best-preserved mummies

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Key facts
- Mawangdui Tomb No. 1 in Changsha was excavated in 1972; the burial dates to the 2nd century BC, more than 2,000 years ago.
- Xin Zhui, also known as Lady Dai, was a Western Han noblewoman and wife of Li Cang, the Marquis of Changsha, who served as chancellor. She was not a chancellor.
- Four nested coffins enclosed her; the outer was lacquered black and red and decorated with dragon motifs.
- Her remains retained skin, hair, muscle tissue and fingerprints; type A blood remained in her veins and her skin was still moist.
- The Mawangdui tombs are a major archaeological find that illuminate Western Han burial and body-preservation practices.
Sources
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