Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet fragmented into 21 pieces, demonstrating comets break apart in space. Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet broke apart into 21 separate objects in 1993 Single comet nucleus underwent phase change and fragmentation over one week All 21 pieces impacted Jupiter in March 1993

In 1993, Shoemaker-Levy 9 broke apart into 21 pieces over one week—all striking Jupiter. Any single piece could have ended civilization. Each middle fragment could further break into ~100,000 Tunguska-sized objects. The British had predicted this 13 years earlier; American astronomers initially dismissed it. ⚡

Key Facts

  • Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet broke apart into 21 separate objects in 1993
  • Single comet nucleus underwent phase change and fragmentation over one week
  • All 21 pieces impacted Jupiter in March 1993
  • Any single piece could have ended human civilization if it struck Earth
  • All 21 pieces striking Earth would likely have ended all human life and caused major mass extinctions
  • Each middle-sized fragment could potentially break apart further into approximately 100,000 Tunguska-sized objects
  • Event confirmed predictions by British Neo-catastrophist school made 13 years prior
  • American astronomical establishment initially dismissed comet fragmentation theory as implausible